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EFFECTS OF PASTEURIZATION. Pasteurization destroys all pathogenic organisms, and most of the nonpathogenic bacteria, so that milk may be safely consumed. The
keeping quality of milk also is improved. The food value is not
changed significantly.
There is no apparent, undesirable effect on the protein, fat,
carbohydrate, or mineral content of milk, nor on vitamins A,
D, E, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, or biotin. Both vitamins A
and E are subject to oxidative deterioration, but they appear
to be quite stable in fluid dairy products. Only slight losses, if
any, occur in vitamins B 12, K, and pantothenic acid.
Greater losses of ascorbic acid and thiamine have been
reported. But the level of ascorbic acid in milk is not of special
importance. A varied American diet includes other sources
rich in ascorbic acid. While pasteurization reduces thiamine
somewhat, milk still supplies a significant amount in the daily
diet. Carefully controlled, high-temperature-short-time pasteurization permits maximum retention of these two vitamins.
Homogenized Milk
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